Featured Physicist!

 

Image and Impact of
Albert Einstein  

"One thing I have learned in a long life: that all our science, measured against reality, is primitive and childlike - and yet it is the most precious thing we have."
Albert Einstein   (1879-1955)


 

 

 

 

 

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"The Scientific mind does not so much provide the right answers as ask the right questions"
Claude Levi-Strauss 1900s

 

 


Area of Research Work and Interests

 

Experimental condensed matter physics, with emphasis on the optical spectroscopy of advanced characterization techniques of electronic materials, including semiconductors (Carbon nanotube,bulk, thin films and superllatice structures, SiC, diamond thin films, and GaAs on Si semiconductors), high temperature superconductors. Advanced spectroscopic techniques of interests include Raman scattering, Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM), Energy Dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), photoluminescence (PL), as well as FTIR, scanning ellipsometry, modulation spectroscopy, and XPS (a.k.a. ESCA).

 

[See Kettering University List of Expertise]

 

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Current Research projects

 

  • Modeling and analysis of Raman Depth Profiling for high precession characterizations.
    • Analysis of Raman depth profiling in terms of micro-probe numerical aperture of confocal Raman correlation of Raman intensity with materials properties and optical resolution (spatial and lateral ).
  • Carbon Nanotubes / Ropes / Films:
    • Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) and Carbon nano-structures.
    • Characterization of CNT :
      • Micro-Raman analysis.
      • SEM Micrographs
      • EDS analysis
  • SiC Materials/ Devices: Raman scattering and XPS (a.k.a. ESCA) on chemical-mechanical polished Sic semiconductors. This work is a collaboration with Wright Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB).

  • III-V Superlattice Structures: Raman scattering investigation of GaAs/AlAs superlattice structures. This work is a collaboration with (National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

  • Si Peak Intensity and Raman Selection Rules: This research project with emphasis on the Raman intensity based on the Raman selection rules. Results of this is undergraduate research work will be published in American Journal of Physics. [See on line information on Student Research]

  • Other Research Projects: Other research projects that we have tried recently include, optical investigation on Boron Nitride and high temperature superconductors.

  • Other Research Laboratory: Work in progress include setting up a Photoluminescence experimental facilities for optical characterization of electronic materials (to be completed by Spring 2002). Also, a state of the art Environmental SEM (ESEM) is being established with completion date of Spring 2002. The exiting XPS (a.k.a. ESCA) and the new ESEM and PL system will nicely complement the exiting Raman research facilities.

 

 

Research Related Links (SiC and other semiconductors):

 

Research Related Links on Carbon Nanotubes

 

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"To get to know, to discover, to publish - this is the destiny of a scientist"
(Francois Arago 1786-1853)



Peer Reviewed Publications:

 

"We have a habit in writing articles published in scientific journals to make the work as finished as possible, to cover up all the tracks, to not worry about the blind alleys or describe how you had the wrong idea first, and so on. So there isn't any place to publish, in a dignified manner, what you actually did in order to get to do the work"

Richard Phillips Feynman 1918-88

 

 

    • B. Roughani, J. Jbara, J.T. Boyd, T.D. Mantei, and H.E. Jackson, "Plasma Etching of MBE GaAs: A Raman Scattering Study". SPIE Proceedings, "Spectroscopic Characterization Techniques for Semiconductor Technology III", ed. by O.J. Glembocki, F.H. Pollak, and F. Ponce, SPIE 946, 146 (1988).

    • B. Roughani, H.E. Jackson, J.J. Jbara, T.D. Mantei, G. Hickman, C.E. Stuts, K.R. Evans, and R.L. Jones, "Raman Scattering Studies of Reactive Ion Etched MBE <100> n-type GaAs", IEEE J. Quant. Elect., 25 1003 (1989).

    • C..J. Radens, B. Roughani, H.E. Jackson, J.T. Boyd, and R.D. Burnham, "Raman 4Microprobe Analysis of Strain Induced by Patterned Dielectric Films on GaAlAs Structures.", IEEE J. Quant. Elect., 25, 989 (1989).

    • Carl J. Radens, Bahram Roughani, Howard E. Jackson, Joseph T. Boyd, and Robert D. Burnham, "Effect of Stress on Field Confinement in Channel Waveguides Formed by Defining Si3N4 Ridges on GaAlAs Multilayer Structures.", MRS symposium proceedings, "Optical Materials: Processing and Science.", ed. by D.B. Poker, and C.Ortiz, 152, 265 (1989).

    • B. Roughani, M. Kallergi, J. Aubel, and S. Sundaram, "Raman Scattering by Epitaxial GaAs on a Si Substrate.", J. Appl, Phys., 66, 4946 (1989).

    • L.C. Sengupta, B. Roughani, J Aubel, S. Sundaram, and W.C.H. Joiner, "Effect of Substitutional Doping on Phonon Spectra of YBa2(Cu1-xCox)3O7-d", J. Physica C, 165, 125 (1990).

    • B. Roughani, L.C. Sengupta, J. Aubel, and S. Sundaram, "Raman Microprobe Investigation of Laser-Assisted Chemically Induced Oxygen Variation in the High Tc Superconductors YBa2Cu3O7-d", AIP Proceedings, "High TC Superconducting Thin Films: Processing, Characterization, and Application, ed. by R.L. Stockbauer, S. V. Krishnaswamy, and R.L. Kurtz, AIP, 200, 165 (1990).

    • M. Kallergi, B. Roughani, J. Aubel, S. Sundaram, T. Chu, S. Chu, and R. Green, "Modulated Reflectance and Raman Scattering Studies of Metalorganic Vapor Deposited Homolayers of GaAs.", J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A8, 1907 (1990).
    • B. Roughani, L.C. Sengupta, J. Aubel, S. Sundaram, W.C.H. Joiner, "Raman Spectra of YBa2(Cu1-xMx)3O7-d with Transition Metal Doping of Fe, Co, Ni, and Zn." J. Physica C, 171, 77 (1990).

    • M. Kallergi, B. Roughani, J.L. Aubel, S. Sundaram, "Correlation of Interference Effects in Photoreflectance Spectra with GaAs Homolayer Thickness.", J. Appl. Phys., 68, 4656 (1990).

    • L.C. Sengupta, B. Roughani, J.L. Aubel, S. Sundaram, and W.C.H. Joiner, "Effect of Substitutional Doping on the 1.7 eV Electronic Transition of YBa2(Cu1-xMx)3O7-d for M = Fe, Co, Ni, and Zn.", J. Physica C, 175, 17 (1991).

    • L.C. Sengupta, B. Roughani, J.L. Aubel, and S. Sundaram, "Raman Microprobe Investigation of Humidity Based Corrosion Effect on Thin Film and Bulk Ceramics YBa2Cu3O7-d", Conference Proceedings of the 2nd International Ceramics Science and Technology Congress, "Symposium on Ceramics Superconductors.", (1991).

    • L.C. Sengupta, D. Huang, B. Roughani, J.L. Aubel, and S. Sundaram, "Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Studies of YBa2Cu3O7-d Deposited on SrTiO3.", J. Appl. Phys., 69, 8272 (1991).

    • B. Roughani, L.C. Sengupta, S. Sundaram, and W.C.H. Joiner, "Infrared phonon Spectra of 3-d Metal Doped YBa2(Cu1-xMx)3O7-d " Z. Phys. B - Condensed Matter, 86, 3 (1992).

    • Lee Chow, Alan Horner, Hooman Sakouri, Bahram Roughani, and Swaminatha Sundaram, "Growth of (100) Oriented Diamond Thin Films on Ball Structure Diamond-like Particles." J. Mater. Res. 7 1606 (1992). See On line abstract]

    • Gholam Hossain Massiha, Charles T. Chen, and Bahram Roughani, "Relation Between Excess Electrical Noise and Electromigration in Al-Based Thin Films", ICEE Conference Proceedings, ICEE 93, 370 (1993).

    • Bahram Roughani, Howard E. Jackson, "Raman Scattering Investigation of Si-Doped GaAs Surfaces", Proceeding of the Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, ICEE 94, 29 (1994).

    • J.G. Pellegrino, C.A. Richter, J.A. Dura, P.M. Amertharaj, S.B. Qadri, and B. Roughani, "Buffer layer- modulation-doped field-effect-transistor interactions in A0.33l Ga0.67 As/GaAs supperlattice system", J. Vac. Sci. Technol.A , 787 (1995).[on line NIST publications listing #33].

    • D.N. Talwar, B. Roughani, P. Amirtharaj, J. Pellegrino, and S.B. Qadri, "Study of Phonons in Semiconductor Superlattices by Raman Scattering and Microscopic Model Calculation", J. Mater. Sci. and Eng. B44, 143 (1997).

    • W.C. Mitchel, J. Brown, K. Malalingham, F.D. Orazio,Jr., P. Pirouz, H.J. R. Tseng, U. Ramabadran, and B. Roughani, "Comparison of Mechanical and Chemomechanical Polished SiC Wafers Using Photon Backscattering", Materials Science Forum, 338-342, 841 (2000). [on line listing p841, or ISBN: 0-87849-854-0, Year: 2000].

    • B.Roughani, U. Ramabadran, D. Phillips, W.C. Mitchel, and C.L. Neslen, "Chem-Mechanical Polishing and Rapid Thermal Annealing of SiC: Raman Spectroscopy and ESCA(XPS) Studies", Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Vol 640, H5.40, (2001) [On line Listing, MRS Proceedings Volume 640 # H5.40].
    • B. Roughani , U. Ramabadran , D. Phillips “ Materials Processing and Spectroscopic Characterization of 4H-SiC”, Printed among selected invited talks in the Proceedings of the International Conference on Physics” January 2004.
    • Uma Ramabadran, Bahram Roughani , Diana Phillips, "Characterization of Chem-mechanically Polished, Annealed, n-doped 4H: SiC", Journal of Applied Physics A-Materials Science & Processing 81 , 511 (AUG 2005).

     

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"To study, to finish, to publish"
(Benjamin Franklin 1706 - 1790)




Conference Presentations

 

    • "Application of a Molecular Iodine Vapor Filter in Light Scattering Experiments.", with H.E. Jackson, presented at joint meeting of Ohio section of APS and AAPT, Cincinnati, OH, 12-13 April 1985.

    • "Plasma Etching of MBE GaAs: A Raman Scattering Study.", with J. Jbara, J.T. Boyd, T.D. Mantei, and H.E. Jackson, presented at "Advances in Semiconductors and Superconductors: Physics and Devices Applications." Symposium, SPIE meeting, Newport Beach, CA, 13-18 March 1988.

    • "Raman Scattering Study of MBE Grown GaAs: Plasma Etching and RTA Effects", with J.J. Jbara, T.D. Mantei, and H.E. Jackson, presented at the annual March meeting of the American Physical Society, New Orleans, LA, 21-25 March 1988 - Bulletin of APS 33, 793 (1988).

    • "Effect of Stress on Field Confinement in Channel Waveguides Formed by Defining Si3N4 Ridges on GaAlAs Multilayer Structures.", with C.J. Radens, H.E. Jackson, J.T. Boyd, and R.D. Burnham, presented at "Optical Materials: Processing and Science." Symposium, MRS meeting, San Diego, CA, 24-28 April 1989.

    • Raman Scattering by Epitaxial GaAs on Si Substrate.", with M. Kallergi, J. Aubel, and S. Sundaram, presented at the annual March meeting of the American Physical Society, St. Louis, MO, 20-24 March 1989 - Bulletin of APS, 34, 1538 (1989).

    • "Raman Analysis of Strain Induced by Patterned Dielectric Films on GaAlAs Structure." with Carl Radens, H.E. Jackson, J.T. Boyd, and R.D. Burnham, presented at the annual March meeting of the American Physical Society, St. Louis, MO 20-24 March 1989 - Bulletin of APS, 34, 1540 (1989).

    • "Raman Microprobe Investigation of Laser Induced Oxygen Variation in the High Tc Superconductors YBa2Cu3Ox.", with L.C. Sengupta, J. Aubel, and S. Sundaram, presented at "High Tc Superconducting Thin Films: processing Characterization and Application" topical conference, American Vacuum Society meeting, Boston, MA, 23-27 October 1989.

    • Raman Scattering and Modulation Reflectance Studies of MOCVD Homolayers of GaAs on GaAs.", with M. Kallergi, J. Aubel, and S. Sundaram, presented at 36th National Symposium of the American Vacuum Society, Boston, MA, 23-27 October 1989.

    • "Infrared Absorption Spectra of Metal Substituted Superconductor YBa2(Cu1-xMx)3O7-.", with L.C. Sengupta, J. Aubel, Sundaram, and W.C.H. Joiner, presented at the annual March meeting of the American Physical Society, Cincinnati, OH, 18-22 March 1991 - Bulletin of APS, 36, 419 (1991).

    • "Effect of Metal Substitution on Cu-O Raman Modes of YBa2(Cu1-xMx)3O7- (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Zn)", with L.C. Sengupta, J. Aubel, S. Sundaram, and W.C.H. Joiner, presented at the annual March meeting of the American Physical Society, Anaheim, CA 12-16 March 1990 - Bulletin of APS, 35, 782 (1990).

    • "Raman Microprobe Investigation of Humidity Based Corrosion Effects on Thin Film and Bulk Ceramics YBa2Cu3O7-." with L.C. Sengupta, J.L. Aubel, and S. Sundaram, presented at the 2nd International Ceramics Science and Technology Congress of the American Ceramics Society, Orlando, FL, 13-15 November 1990.

    • Raman Spectra of YBa2(Cu1-xFex)3O7- Material With Selective Substitution of Fe in Cu(1) or Cu(2) Site.", with L.C. Sengupta, J. Aubel, S. Sundaram, and W.C.H. Joiner, presented at the annual March meeting of the American Physical Society, Cincinnati, OH, 18-22 March 1991 - Bulletin of APS, 36, 726 (1991).

    • "Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Studies of YBa2Cu3O7- Deposited on SrTiO3." with L.C. Sengupta, D. Huang, J.L. Aubel, S. Sundaram, and L.C. Chang, presented at the March meeting of the American Physical Society, Cincinnati, OH, 18-22 March 1991 - Bulletin of APS, 36, 566 (1991).

    • "Effect of Substitutional Doping on the 1.7 eV Electronic Transition of YBa2(Cu1-xMx)3O7- for M = Fe, Co, Ni, and Zn.", with L.C. Sengupta, J.L. Aubel, S. Sundaram, and W.C.H. Joiner, presented at the annual March meeting of the American Physical Society, Cincinnati, OH, 18-22 March 1991 - Bulletin of APS, 36, 419 (1991).

    • "Comparative Study of Interference Effects in Electroreflectance and Photoreflectance Spectra of GaAs.", with M. Kallergi, D. Huang, J.L. Aubel, and S. Sundaram, presented at the annual March meeting of the American Physical Society, Cincinnati, OH, 18-22 March 1991 - Bulletin of APS, 36, 649 (1991).

    • "Raman Scattering From Thin 3x3 AlAs/GaAs Superlattices.", with J.G. Pellegrino, and Paul Amirtharaj, presented at the annual March meeting of the American Physical Society, Pittsburgh, PA, 21-25 March 1994. "Magnetic Field Modulation Studies of the Two Dimensional Magnetophonon Effect in GaAs," with C.A. Richter, D.G. Seiler, P.M. Amirtharaj, and K.R. Evans, presented at the annual March meeting of the American Physical Society, Pittsburgh, PA, 21-25 March 1994. [See on line listing at 9:24]

    • "Buffer Layer- MODFET Interaction in Al0.33 Ga.67 As-GaAs Supperlattice System", with J.G. Pellegrino, C.A. Richter, J.A. Dura, S.B. Qadri, and P. Amirtharaj, presented at annual American vacuum Society meeting, Denver, CO, Oct. 1994.

    • "Magnetic Field Modulation Studies of the Two-Dimensional Magnetophonon Effect in GaAs" with C.A. Richter, D.G. Seiler, P.M. Amirtharaj, NIST, and K.R. Evans, Solid State Electronics Directorate, Wright Laboratory, WPAFB [See on line listing at 11:24]

    • "Raman Studies of the Effect of Buffer Layer and Layer Thickness in the Short Period 3x3 AlAs/GaAs Superlattice System", with J.G. Pellegrino, D.N. Talwar, S.B. Qadri, D.Chandler-Horowitz, N.V. Ngugen, and P.M. Amirtharaj, presented at the annual MRS fall meeting, Boston, MA, November 28 - December 2, 1994.

    • "Raman Spectra of Semiconductor Superlattice Heterostructures", Presented at the Spring Meeting of the Ohio Section of the American Physical Society, Youngstown, Ohio, 12-13 May 1995.

    • "Phonon Spectra of Thin Film, Short-Period Superlattice of AlAs/GaAs", with D.N. Talwar, P. Amirtharaj, and J.G. Pellegrino, presented at the Fall meeting of the Ohio Section / American Physical Society Fall meeting, Dayton, OH, October 6-7, 1995 22.

    • Theoretical Study of Phonons in Semiconductor Superlattices - Application to AlAs/GaAs" with D.N. Talwar, P.Amirtharaj, and J.G. Pellegrino, presented at the Fall meeting of the Ohio Section/ American Physical Society, Dayton, OH, October 6-7, 1995.

    • "Study of Phonons in Semiconductor Superlattice by Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopic Model Calculation", with D.N. Talwar, J.G. Pellegrino, Paul Amirtharaj, and S.B. Qadri, presented at the Third International Workshop on Expert Evaluation and Control of Semiconductor Materials and Technologies - EXMATEC '96, Freiburg, Germany, May 12-15, 1996. 24.

    • "Raman Scattering Analysis of Unknown Si Samples", with Dave Warner, presented at the Spring 1999 Meeting of the Ohio Section of the American Physical Society- OSAPS 99, Flint, MI, April 30-May 1, 1999.

    • "Micro-Raman Study of Chem-Mechanically Polished Nitrogen Doped 4H-SiC", with Uma Ramabadran, William Mitchel, and Robert Burtke, presented at the Spring 1999 Meeting of the Ohio Section of the American Physical Society- OSAPS 99, Flint, MI, April 30-May 1, 1999. [See online abstract C1.06]

    • Comparison of Mechanical and Chemomechanical Polished SiC Wafers Using Photon Backscattering", with W.C. Mitchel, J. Brown, K. Malalingham, F.D. Orazio,Jr., P. Pirouz, H.J. R. Tseng, and U. Ramabadran, International Conference on SiC and Related Materials; Research Triangle Park, NC., October 11-15, 1999.

    • "Chem-Mechanical Polishing and Rapid Thermal Annealing of SiC: Raman Spectroscopy and ESCA (XPS) Studies"; with U. Ramabadran, D. Phillips, W.C. Mitchel, and C.L. Neslen, presented at the Materials Research Society (MRS) Fall 2000 meeting, Boston, MA, Noveber 27- December 1, 2000.

    • "Spectroscopic Characterizations of Chem-Mechanically Polished and Thermally Annealed N-Type 4H-SiC", with Uma Ramabadran, Diana Phillips, William Mitchel, and C.L. Neslen, presented at EMC 2002, the 44th Electronic Materials Conference, Santa Barbara, CA, June 26-28, 2002(EMC). [See online PDF Technical Program / Abstract KK5].

    • "Micro-Raman Measurements and Depth Profiling of SiC", with Uma Ramabadran, APS March meeting, Austin, TX, March 3-7, 2003 [see online abstract]

    • "SEM, EDS, and Raman Spectroscopy Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes and Silicon Carbide Crystals" with P. Thomas, N. Zelikovskaya, J. Henry, and D. Parker, the Ohio Section of the American Physical Sociaety (OSAPS) 2003, MSU, East Lansing, MI, April 11-12, 2003.

    • “The Formation of Carbon Nanotubes on Silicon carbide Wafer Substrate”, Patrick A. Herbt, Daniel M. Neill, Bahram Roughani, and David Parker, presented at the 14 th Annual Argonne Symposium for Undergraduates in Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Argonne National Laboratory, Oct. 24-25, 2003.

    • “ Introducing Raman Spectroscopy of Crystalline Solids in the Undergraduate Curriculum”. B. Roughani, D. Warner, and U. Ramabadran, to be presented at the upcoming 2009 March Meeting of the American Physical Society, Pittsburgh, PA, March 16-20, 2009.

    • “Physics That Works: Shift in Physics Education Paradigm Based on  Work-Integrated Physics Education.”, B. Roughani, to be presented at the upcoming 2009 March Meeting of the American Physical Society, Pittsburgh, PA, March 16-20, 2009.

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"Work, finish, publish"
(Michael Faraday 1791 - 1867)

 

Invited Talks and Invited Presentations:


  • Invited talk entitle: “Nanotechnology: Hosted by Design and Manufacturing Alliance (DMA) Regional Symposium on “Emerging Technology: An Education Perspective”, Kettering University (April 6, 2005).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Nanostructures with Industrial Applications” Hosted by Delphi Delco Electronic Engineering Center , KoKomo , IN (March 29, 2004).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Trends in Nanotechnology” Hosted by Delphi Technical training center, Flint MI (February 12, 2004).

  • Invited half-day workshop: “Raman Spectroscopy”, presented during International Conference in Physics (ICP) at Amir Kabir University (January 6-9, 2004).

  • Invited talk: "Characterization and applications of nano-structure materials", Amir Kabir University , (January 6-9, 2004).

  • Invited talk title: “Artificial Structures of Semiconductors”, Oakland University (Winter 2002 Seminar Series - Physics Department).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Raman scattering of GaAs/AlAs superlattice Structures”, University of Toledo (Winter 2001 Seminar Series - Physics Department).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Introducing Surface Analysis in Undergraduate Science Curriculum using ESCA “, The National ACS Fall 2001 meeting (Presented by Dr. Diana Philips)

  • Invited talk entitle: “Laser spectroscopy of semiconductor superlattice structures”, Ford Research Center (Fall 1999 Technical Seminars Series)

  • Invited talk entitle: “Smart Materials Applications”, Delphi Electronics (Spring 1998 technical Seminar - Kokomo, Indiana)

  • Invited talk entitle: “Raman spectroscopy of III-V semiconductor structures”, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor (Spring 1997 Seminar Series - Applied Physics Department).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Phonons spectra of artificial structures of Semiconductors“, Indiana University of Pennsylvania (Winter 1995 Seminar Series - Physics Department)

  • Invited talk entitle: “Optical Analysis of Electronic Materials” Loyola College – Maryland (1994)

  • Invited talk entitle: “Laser Spectroscopy for Advanced Materials Analysis”, Kettering University (1994).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Analysis of Metal Doped High temperature Supercondcutors “, Gettysburg College (1994).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Laser: The Light Fantastic and Masers“, Trinity College (1994).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Spectroscopy analysis of High temperature Supercondcutors“, Dickinson College (Winter 1993 Seminar Series - Physics Department).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Raman Spectroscopy of High temperature Supercondcutors“, Gustavus Adolphus College (1993).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Effect of Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Doping on High temperature Supercondcutors behavior“, Allegheny College (1993).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Spectroscopy Analysis of High temperature Supercondcutors“, State University of New York (S.U.N.Y.), Oswego (1993).

  • Invited talk entitle: “High temperature Supercondcutors“, Saint John Fisher College (1992).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Laser Spectroscopy for analysis of Electronic Materials“, Gettysburg College , (1992).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Investigation of High Temperature Supercondcutors by Raman Spectroscopy“, Millersville University (Spring 1992 Seminar Series - Physics Department).

  • Invited talk entitle: “Learning about High Temperature Supercondcutors by impurity Doping“, California State University-Northridge (1991)

  • Invited talk entitle: “Raman Spectroscopy of Electronic Materials”, Allegheny College (1991)

  • Invited talk entitle: “Laser Spectroscopy of High temperature Supercondcutors“, Saint Louis University (1991)

  • Invited talk entitle: “Spectroscopy analysis of Metal Doped High temperature Supercondcutors“, University of Northern Michigan (1991).

 


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Last revised: November 17, 2001